CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) is a thickener and binder used to prepare ceramic glazes and engobes. It adjusts the viscosity of the suspension and strengthens the applied layer before firing.
Derived from cellulose and soluble in water, CMC is added in small amounts during milling or when the suspension is prepared. In water it forms a network that holds the particles and gives the glaze more body. Once dry, the same network keeps the layer together, so it does not come off or get damaged on the way from the glazing line to the kiln.
CMC is available in different viscosity grades. The choice depends on the application technique, such as disc, bell or spray, the target density and the glaze composition. The wrong dosage can cause drying cracks or application defects.
It can. CMC is of natural origin and may break down in suspensions stored for many days. That is why it is best to prepare the volume according to consumption and, when needed, use a preservative.
Both strengthen the unfired layer. CMC also works as a thickener and controls viscosity, while PVA adhesive is used mainly for its bonding and fixing power.
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